Baodingshan Cliffside Statues are 15 km to the northeast of Dazu County in
Sichuan Province.
Some Buddhists go there to worship, burn joss sticks or
expound Buddhist doctrine. The
statues on the cliff of Baoding Mountain began to be carved in the sixth year
(1179) during the Chunxi reign, and were completed in the ninth year (1249) of
the Chunyou reign of the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279). It was the place
where the rites of the Secret Sect of Buddhism were performed, and was in the
charge of Zhao Zhifeng, a famous monk in the Southern Song Dynasty. There are
altogether 13 stone carvings, and more than ten thousand statues, among which
the Big Buddha Bay and the Small Buddha Bay house the most statues.
The Big Buddha Bay looks like a horse's
hoof. It is more than 500 meters long, and the cliff is 15~30 meters high. The
statues are distributed on the east, south and north sides. The Big Buddha Bay
was modelled after, and built later than the small one. There are more than 30
large-scale carvings, among which the famous ones are the Six Samsaras,
Guangda Baolou Pavilion, Statues of Three Sages of Huayan Sect of
Buddhism, Thousand-Hand Bodhisattva, Painting of the Nirvana of Sakyamuni, Nine Dragons Bathe for the
Prince, Peacock Sutra
Painting, and so on. The carvings of the Song Dynasty (960-1279) possess the
most distinctive features, and are well preserved. Moreover, they are
exceptionally interesting and full of vivid tales.
The Thousand-Hand Bodhisattva was carved on
the wall of the east cliff in the Big Buddha Bay. It has 1,007 hands that are
crisscross and full of changes. The whole picture, looking like a peacock with
an open tail, is dazzlingly magnificent, and is the only one in China. The
statue Three Sages of Huayan Sect is 7 meters high. The Buddha, holding
up a thousand jin (1 kg =2 jin) stone pagoda with his hands, has
gone through many years but still stands there intact, showing the masterly
application of the mechanics in architecture. The Baoding Yuanjue Cave, which is
famous for its well-conceived design and elegant carvings, lies in the south
rock of the Big Buddha Bay. A window has been chiselled in the top of the cave
for lighting, and there are also two windows at the
entrance of the cave. The spring, guided from the top into the cave, flows out
of the mouth of the dragon through the little ditches in the wall, and then
breathes into the hidden ditches and streams out of the cave. There are
three statues of Buddha carved on the facade wall of the cave. In front of the
main Buddha, there is a Bodhisattva on his knees, who puts the palms together
and bows his head, appearing very devout. There are twelve statues of Yuanjue
(Perfect Enlightenment) Bodhisattvas on the right and left walls, which are
sitting with different postures on lotus thrones and appear beautiful and
solemn. Between the walls there are carvings of pavilions, terraces, and towers,
birds and beasts, flowers and trees, springs and odd-shaped stones, which are
similar to the realistic works and considered as essential works of the carvings
in Big Buddha Bay.
The Shengshou Temple that lies on Baoding
Mountain has a close relationship with the carvings on Baoding Mountain. The
temple was first built in the Song Dynasty (960-1279), and fell into disuse
later. The structures extant now were built in the Ming and Qing dynasties
(1368-1911), and they include the Heavenly King Hall, the Jade Emperor Hall, the
Main Hall, the Sutra Hall, the Lamp Lighting Hall, and the Vimaiakirti Hall and
so on. All the palaces, which are layer upon layer, powerful and lofty, and fine
carved with exquisite model, display the typical characteristics of the
architectures of Ming and Qing Dynasty.