The Hunan Geological Museum, located at Changsha City of Hunan Province and completed in 1958, is a local comprehensive museum of geological science of China. The museum has collected over 20,000 pieces of various kinds of geological samples. The basic exhibitions consist of seven parts, namely the mineral resources of Hunan, the history of the globe, the ancient extinct animals and plants, the mineral rocks, the mineral deposits of Hunan, the regional geology of Hunan, and the precious stones, jades and color stones, displaying over 5,000 samples as well as various kinds of models, pictures and charts, scene boxes and audiovisual facilities.

At the entrance of the Mineral Resources Hall is an artificial limestone cave and inside the Hall is a large sand table marking the distribution of mineral products in Hunan, totaling 250 places of minerals of tungsten, stibium, lead, zinc, mercury, phosphate, arsenic, kaolin and sepiolite. The pyrite crystal cave, stibnite crystal cave and gypsum crystal cave represent the growth of mineral products in the Nature. On display in the Exhibition Hall of the History of the Globe is a giant revolving globe model. On display in the other exhibition halls are 800 samples of the ancient extinct animals and plants, such as a large trilobite, a piece of one-meter long right-angle stone, fossil of dinosaur egg, and dinosaur's footprint. More than 1,000 samples of mineral rock are on display such as the mineral crystals of diamond, crystal stibnite cluster, crystal orpiment cluster and crystal realgar cluster, crystal barite cluster of galena, calcite crystal cluster, cinnabar, wolframite, scheelite, fluorite and gypsum, the crystal of xianghuashi stone (fragrant flower stone), a new mineral in the world first discovered in China, as well as various kinds of precious stones, jade and color stones. In addition, there are also systematic samples of the cross section of mineral deposits and region.

The museum also holds the exhibition of new achievements in geology and the exhibition of development and utilization of the mineral resources at irregular intervals.