Zhishi Xuanyue Paifang in Hubei Province

 The Origin of Chinese Paifang

Paifang, also called Pailou, is a traditional Chinese architectural form like an archway. Its origin can be dated back to the Zhou Dynasty (11th century to 256BC). It is an archway usually made of fine wood or stone, and painted or ornamented with glazed tiles.

Originally Paifang served as a marker for the entrance of building complexes, mausoleums, temples, bridges, parks, or towns. Later, Paifang was built to function as decoration or commemorate virtuous people, making it one form of memorial architecture.

 The Categories of Chinese Paifang

In terms of styles Chinese Paifang roughly falls into two categories: the delicate and refined style in southern China and the imposing style in northern China.

In terms of raw material, Paifang can be made of stone, brick, fine wood, or cement.

Function-wise, many a Paifang was erected to serve as directions, decorate the neighboring community, and honor and commemorate deserving people or historic events.

Feudal ethics and traditional norms in ancient China manifested themselves in various kinds of Paifang, such as chastity Paifang (exclusively for widows), loyalty Paifang, filial piety Paifang, and so on.

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