The She ethnic minority mainly lives in
Fujian, Zhejiang and Guangdong provinces in southern China. The She people have their own language
but dot not have their own way of writing. The She people are mainly engaged in
agriculture. The mountainous regions where they live are rich in woods and
bamboos, and are well known for the tea at home and abroad.
The daily staple food is rice. Most of them
eat hot dishes. Every household possesses a hot pot. The meat is usually pork,
and often fried with vegetables. Bamboo shoots are nearly a year-round
vegetable.
The She people are fond of wine. Tea is also
indispensable in their daily life. The She areas are teemed with tea, including
many precious kinds, such as Huiming tea, Phoenix tea, black tea and Wuyi rock
tea, etc. The oolong tea, a subcategory of Phoenix tea and one of the famous teas of
China, comes from Shiguping Village where the She people live. It was a
tribute to the royal palace in the ancient time.
Their foods on festive occasions include
black rice, themeda leaf dumpling and Ciba (glutinous rice
cake).
Black rice is consumed on
lunar March 3. The Shes collect the leaves of Wuren Tree (a wild
plant in the mountains), grind them in a stone mortar, put them in a cloth bag,
place the bag into an iron pot, add water and boil till the soup turns black,
remove the residues in the bag, and soak selected glutinous rice into the soup.
After a few hours, take out the rice and steam it in a wooden steamer. Black
rice is black and blue in color, and soft and delicious in taste. Due to the
preservative effect of Wuren, black rice will not turn sour in days in
the cool and ventilated place. Eating black rice has the symbolic meaning of
preparing for the spring sowing and wishing for a good harvest.
Themeda leaf dumpling, also called
themeda dumpling, is usually consumed on the Dragon Boat Festival and the Dragon
Day. People of the She ethnic group soak quality glutinous rice in soda water for
several hours, fold two leaves into a holding base, and put the glutinous rice
in the base to make a 20cm-long dumpling in the shape of a corn cob. Then put it
in a pot and boil for about a dozen of hours. During the Dragon Boat Festival,
themeda dumplings are offered to the ancestors, as well as presented to friends
and relatives as a gift.
The Shes make
Ciba for the New Year, Mid-July Day and Winter Day, with the symbolic
meaning of good luck and happy life. Ciba is made by soaking glutinous
rice in water for a day, draining the water, steaming the rice in a wooden
steamer, then grinding it in a stone mortar, and kneading it into small rolls or
cakes.