The layout of Beijing's courtyards is based on China's geomantic theories. Geomancy is a practice that helps people to choose the best arrangement of their living environments, based on the relationship between man and nature. It is mysterious, yet scientific.

According to the northern school of geomancy, people's residences are different from imperial courts and temples, whose front gates face south. The best place for a front gate for those live in the north is the north of the alley; those who live in the south of the alley should build their gates in the southeast corner. The northeast corner is the second best location for a well or a kitchen can be built. The least desirable location is the southwest, where only toilets and closets should be located.

Screen Wall

The screen wall first appeared in the Zhou Dynasty 3,000 years ago; every courtyard has one. Apart from its practical functions, it has geomantic implications. It is said that the outer screen wall can prevent fortune from flying away, while the inner one can ward off evil and keep peace. And this is because the screens prevent ghosts and demons from entering the courtyard homes.

Gate Pier

The gate pier is the foundation of the gate of a courtyard house, but it is regarded as more of a decoration than a structural necessity. In the past, according to each owner's status and requirements, different patterns were carved on gate piers to add to the grandeur of the front gates. Gate piers are usually made of stones, but some are built out of white marble.

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