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Stage Props in Peking Opera
Qimo (stage props) is the name for all stage properties and some simple
decorations. The term first occurred in the Jin
Dynasty (265-420). Qimo includes articles of everyday life such as
candlesticks, lanterns,
fans, handkerchiefs, brushes, paper,
ink and ink slabs, and tea and wine sets. The props also include: sedan chairs,
vehicle flags, oars, and horsewhips, as well as weapons. Also employed are
various articles to demonstrate environments, such as cloth backdrops to
represent cities, and curtains, flags, table curtains, and chair covers.
Traditional qimo are not just imitations of real articles, but also artistic
articles in their own right.
Tables and chairs are usually made of wood and painted in red. Their
different arrangements on stages indicate different locations and environments.
One table and two chairs put on the stage before the performers appear are
generic furnishings.
For instance, the table can be an imperial desk when the emperor inspects the
court, a judge's desk when a county governor uses it to try a case, or a banquet
table. The table can also be used as a rock or other objects. When a person goes
up a hill, he stands on a table. One table on top of another means a
particularly high mountain. The table can also represent a wall for jumping
over.
An actor conveys sleeping by slumping over a table with the head resting on
one hand, and climbing from a low hill to a higher one by stepping from a chair
onto a table.
Chairs can be used to represent the doors of caves or jails.
Others
Flags are also frequently used on the stage. A square flag with the Chinese
character for "marshal" on it, a rectangular flag with the Chinese character for
"commander" on it, and a flag with the name of a certain army on it represent
the location of army camps and commanders-in-chief. In addition, there are
water, fire, wind, and vehicle flags. Actors shake these flags to represent
waves, fire, wind, or moving vehicles.
Waving a whip means riding a horse, and waving an oar means rowing a boat.
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