Di Kaowen (1836-1908), whose original name was Calvin Wilson Matteer, was a famous missionary in China. He was a priest of the Presbyterian Church of North America. He was born in a Christian family in 1836 and was baptized in 1854. Calvin went to Shandong Province to do missionary work in 1864 after he graduated from a seminary. Soon he founded a school there and provided education programs to poor students. The school was enlarged later and became part of Qilu University. He introduced western science and culture to China to promote the advance of China.

Di Kaowen made accomplishments in mathematics, and earned prestige in Chinese education field. In 1908, he died in Qingdao. He had been engaged in missionary work for more than 40 years.